pH measurements are important in many processes. There is almost none where the pH value does not play a dominant role. All biological processes depend on the activity of enzymes because they show a pH optimum and lose their functionality if the pH is too low or too high. The pH value is measured in most processes using a glass electrode. This pH glass forms a thin gel layer in aqueous solutions that is highly selective to H+ ions. The pH dependent potential of the gel layer is measured against a built-in reference electrode with a constant potential. In general, the pH value is a measure of the acidity or the basicity of an aqueous solution.Hamilton offers pH sensors for nearly every process in Pharmaceutical, Chemistry and Water applications.